（1） Ships
Ships are the main means of maritime transportation, mainly divided into three categories, namely cargo ships, passenger ships, and passenger and cargo ships. The main types of cargo ships include general cargo holds, bulk carriers, refrigerated vessels, wooden materials, oil tankers, container ships, ro/ro ships, and barge carriers.
（2） Route
The route mainly refers to the navigation route of ships at sea. It is divided into regular and irregular routes based on time and whether the port is fixed; Divided into coastal routes, nearshore routes, and ocean routes according to the range of navigation waters.
（3） Port
A port is a node that provides land and water connections, serving as a transportation channel or gateway for foreign trade through ocean transportation.
